Encyclopaedia on India

The Ranganath Temple Festival is one of the most revered religious events in South India, dedicated to Lord Vishnu. The temple, located on an island in the Kaveri River near Tiruchirapalli , is both a spiritual sanctuary and an architectural marvel. Surrounded by seven concentric walls , the outermost wall encloses nearly an entire township, making it one of the largest temple complexes in India . Vaikuntha Ekadashi and Its Significance The festival coincides with Vaikuntha Ekadashi, observed on the eleventh day of the waxing moon in the Tamil month of Margazhi (December–January). This day is considered highly auspicious in the Vaishnavite tradition, as it is believed that divine energies descend to the earth, encouraging contemplation and devotion. Observing Vaikuntha Ekadashi with strict discipline is said to equal the merit of observing three crores of ordinary ekadashis, earning it the title Mokkodi Ekadashi. The festival spans 20 days, drawing lakhs of devotees from across ...

The Bedar tribe, also known by names such as Beda, Berad, Boya, Bendar, Ramoshi, Talwar, Byadar, and Valmiki, is one of the most fascinating tribal communities in southern India. Rooted in the Dravidian language family, the Bedars are predominantly found in Karnataka, where they have preserved a vibrant cultural identity and social traditions that continue to thrive today. The term Bedar is derived from Bed or Bedaru , meaning “hunter,” a reflection of their ancestral lifestyle. Historically, they are believed to have descended from the Pindaris, though some traditions trace their lineage to the Tirole Kunbis. The name itself is often interpreted as “without fear,” symbolizing their valor and resilience. Social Organization and Occupations The Bedar community is organized into six social groups and three sub-divisions: Maratha, Kande, and Telugu Bedars. Their occupations have historically been diverse, ranging from farming laborers, stonecutters, and drovers to traders, messenger...

Introduction Education in Raichur District, Karnataka, reflects the broader national commitment to making education a fundamental right accessible to all. The district has made significant strides in achieving the goal of Universality of Elementary Education (UEE), though progress has varied across different blocks. With increasing enrolment and retention at the primary level, there has been a growing demand for upper primary and higher education facilities. Raichur today stands as a district that has invested in both grassroots schooling and advanced institutions, ensuring opportunities for learners across all stages. Elementary Education The Demand for Education among parents has driven efforts to expand primary schooling. Raichur has 1,465 primary schools (classes I–V), of which 524 are higher primary schools (classes I–VII). These include government, aided, and unaided institutions. Additionally, 1,308 Anganwadi centres run by the Department of Women and Child Development pr...

Introduction The Vijayanagar Empire stands as one of the most remarkable epochs in South Indian history. For over three centuries, it flourished under four successive dynasties the Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva, and finally the Aravidu. Each dynasty contributed to the empire’s political consolidation, cultural brilliance, and architectural grandeur. Yet, it was the Aravidu Dynasty, the last Hindu ruling family of Vijayanagar, that presided over its decline between the mid‑16th and mid‑17th centuries. Their reign was marked by resilience and determination, but despite their efforts, they could not restore the glory once achieved under celebrated rulers like Krishnadeva Raya. Rise of the Aravidu Dynasty The Aravidus rose to prominence in the aftermath of the catastrophic Battle of Talikota in 1565 CE. This battle, fought between Vijayanagar and a coalition of the Deccan Sultanates Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, Golconda, and Bidar resulted in the sacking of the capital city and the destruction of ...

The Bengaluru Division, one of Karnataka’s four administrative regions, is a vibrant mosaic of urban innovation, rural charm, historical depth, and ecological splendor. Encompassing nine diverse districts Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Chikballapur, Chitradurga, Davanagere, Kolar, Ramanagara, Shivamogga, and Tumkur this division offers a compelling cross-section of Karnataka’s identity. Whether you're a tech enthusiast, history buff, nature lover, or spiritual seeker, the Bengaluru Division promises a rich and varied journey through The Soul of Southern India . Bengaluru Urban: The Pulse of Modern India At the heart of the division lies Bengaluru Urban, the capital of Karnataka and the country’s premier tech hub. Dubbed India’s Silicon Valley, the city is home to a thriving ecosystem of IT companies, startups, and research institutions. Beyond its economic prowess, Bengaluru dazzles with cultural diversity, a dynamic food scene, and vibrant nightlife. Iconic landmarks such a...

Introduction Bagalkot District is a prominent administrative region in the northern part of Karnataka, India. Nestled on the Northern Karnataka Plateau, which forms a segment of the vast Deccan Plateau, Bagalkot is geographically positioned at 16°12′N latitude and 75°45′E longitude. The district headquarters is located in the town of Bagalkot itself. Known for its rich historical legacy, architectural marvels, and vibrant culture, Bagalkot is a microcosm of Karnataka’s diverse heritage. History of Bagalkot District Early History Bagalkot Historical Roots trace back to prehistoric times. Archaeological discoveries in the Kalagadi basin and Malaprabha valley have unearthed Middle Palaeolithic tools, megalithic burial sites, and pre-Chalukyan brick temples. These findings suggest that the region was inhabited by early human civilizations, making it one of the oldest settled areas in Karnataka. Medieval History Bagalkot rose to prominence during the Chalukya dynasty, which rul...